Mouse Secondary Antibodies
Biotium CD72 (B Cell Marker)(BU40), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The C-type lectin superfamily member CD72 is a cell surface negative regulator of B cell activation from the pro-B through the mature B cell stage. CD72 serves as a receptor for CD5. The human CD72 gene encodes a transmembrane glycoprotein that contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM). Upon tyrosine phosphorylation, the CD72 ITIM recruits SH2-containing phosphatases such as SHP-1, resulting in downregulation of cell activation. CD72-/- mice contain hyperproliferative B cells. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium VISTA / GI24 (Negative Regulator of Immune Response)(VISTA/2865), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
VISTA / GI24 is a transmembrane protein expressed in bone, on embryonic stem cells (ESCs), and on tumor cell surfaces. On ESC s, Gi24 appears to positively interact with BMP-4, potentiating BMP signaling and the transition from an undifferentiated to a differentiated state. On tumor cells, Gi24 both promotes MT1-MMP expression and activity and serves as a substrate for MT1-MMP. This increases the potential for cell motility. Mature human Gi24 contains a 162aa extracellular region with one V-type Ig-like domain and a 96aa cytoplasmic domain. Human Gi24 undergoes proteolytic cleavage by MT1-MMP, generating a soluble 30 kDa extracellular fragment plus a 25-30 kDa membrane-bound fragment. VISTA is a negative checkpoint regulator and is expressed on myeloid cells, T-cells and human TILs (tumor infiltrating lymphocytes) on MDSCs (myeloid-derived suppressor cells) in the TME (tumor microenvironment). It is very likely both a ligand and receptor and is a promising target for cancer i
Biotium CD47 / IAP (Integrin Associated Protein)(CD47/2937), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This antibody reacts with Ig domain of CD47 protein. CD47, originally named integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a 50 kDa protein containing five membrane-spanning sequences and a short cytoplasmic tail. CD47 plays a role in both cell adhesion by acting as an adhesion receptor for THBS1 on platelets, and in the modulation of integrins. It is important in memory formation and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. CD47 may play a role in membrane transport and/or integrin dependent signal transduction. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium Ubiquitin (Autophagy Marker)(UBB/3143R), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Ubiquitin is a highly conserved and plays an essential role in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In ubiquitination process, it is first activated by forming a thiol-ester complex with the activation component E1, which is then transferred to ubiquitin-carrier protein E2, followed by to ubiquitin ligase E3 for final delivery to epsilon-NH2 of the target protein lysine residue. IkB, p53, cdc25A, Bcl-2 etc. are shown as targets of ubiquitin-proteasome process as part of regulation of cell cycle progression, differentiation, cell stress response, and apoptosis. Moreover, ubiquitin have been reported to bind covalently with pathological inclusions which are resistant to degradation e. g. neurofibrillary tangles/paired helical filaments in Alzheimer's disease, Lewy bodies seen in Parkinson's disease, and Pick bodies found in Pick's disease etc. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightn
Biotium BMI1 (Oncogene and Stem Cell Marker)(BMI1/2823), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The B cell-specific moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (Bmi-1) is a transcriptional receptor of the polycomb gene family involved in several cellular processes including cell-cycle regulation, apoptosis, and maintenance of adult and neoplastic stem cells by providing self-renewal capacity. Further, Bmi-1 expression has been associated with malignant transformation, tumor progression, metastatic disease, and poor prognosis in human malignancies. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium PAI-RBP1 / SERBP1 / SERPINE1(SERBP1/3493), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
PAI-RBP1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 RNA-binding protein), also known as SERBP1 (SERPINE1 mRNA-binding protein 1), CGI-55, CHD3IP (chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 3 interacting protein), HABP4L or PAI-RBP1, is a membrane-associated protein that localizes to the nucleus, the perinuclear region of the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane. PAI-RBP1 is believed to play a role in the regulation of mRNA stability, as it specifically binds to the CRS (cyclic nucleotide-responsive sequence) motif of the PAI-1 mRNA and acts to stabilize the mRNA and regulate its expression. In addition, PAI-RBP1 interacts with Mi2- and may be involved in chromatin remodeling. PAI-RBP1 also interacts with PGRMC1 and participates in the transduction of Progesterone's antiapoptotic action in ovarian cell types. The gene encoding PAI-RBP1 is overexpressed in ovarian cancer, suggesting a possible role for PAI-RBP1 in tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis. Primary antibodies are available purifie
Biotium MSH6 (DNA Mismatch Repair Protein)(MSH6/3091), Biotin conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The finding that mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes are associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) has resulted in considerable interest in the understanding of the mechanism of DNA mismatch repair. Initially, inherited mutations in the MSH2 and MLH1 homologs of the bacterial DNA mismatch repair genes mutS and mutL were demonstrated at high frequency in HNPCC and were shown to be associated with microsatellite instability. A member of the mismatch repair family, GTBP (also designated MSH6), is an MSH2-related protein that binds to DNA containing G/T mismatches. Findings suggest that the mismatch-binding factor in human cells is composed of a heterodimer of GTBP and MSH2. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targ
Biotium MSH6 (DNA Mismatch Repair Protein)(MSH6/3085), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
The finding that mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes are associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) has resulted in considerable interest in the understanding of the mechanism of DNA mismatch repair. Initially, inherited mutations in the MSH2 and MLH1 homologs of the bacterial DNA mismatch repair genes mutS and mutL were demonstrated at high frequency in HNPCC and were shown to be associated with microsatellite instability. A member of the mismatch repair family, GTBP (also designated MSH6), is an MSH2-related protein that binds to DNA containing G/T mismatches. Findings suggest that the mismatch-binding factor in human cells is composed of a heterodimer of GTBP and MSH2. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targ
Biotium Mitochondria (Marker for Human Cells, Granular RCC's & Salivary Tumors)(MTC02/2860R), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
This MAb recognizes a 60 kDa antigen associated with the mitochondria in human cells. It can be used to stain mitochondria in cell or tissue preparations and can be used as a mitochondrial marker in subcellular fractions. It produces a spaghetti-like pattern in normal and malignant cells. This antibody is an excellent marker for human cells in xenographic model research. It reacts specifically with human cells, including neurons and embryonic stem cells. Immunostaining pattern with anti-mitochondrial MAb has been reported as a useful discriminatory adjunct in the complex differential diagnosis of granular renal cell tumors. Reportedly, this MAb facilitates the classification of salivary tumors. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets
Biotium Cathepsin K (Marker of Tumor Invasiveness)(CTSK/2792), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Cathepsin K is a lysosomal and secreted cysteine proteinase involved in bone remodeling and resorption. This protein, which is a member of the peptidase C1 protein family, is predominantly expressed in osteoclasts. However, the encoded protein is also expressed in a significant fraction of human breast cancers, where it could contribute to tumor invasiveness. Mutations in this gene are the cause of pycnodysostosis, an autosomal recessive disease characterized by osteosclerosis and short stature. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluorescence and can give higher non-specific background than other dye colors.
Biotium XRCC3(10F1/6), 0.2mg/mL
The x-ray repair cross-complementing (XRCC) proteins are responsible for efficiently repairing and maintaining genetic stability following DNA base damage. These genes share sequence similarity with the yeast DNA repair protein Rad51. XRCC1 is a protein that facilitates the DNA base excision repair pathway by interacting with DNA ligase III and DNA polymerase to repair DNA single-strand breaks. XRCC2 and XRCC3 are both involved in maintaining chromosome stability during cell division. XRCC2 is required for efficient repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination between sister chromatids, and XRCC3 interacts directly with Rad51 to cooperate with Rad51 during recombinational repair. XRCC4 is an accessory factor of DNA Ligase IV that preferentially binds DNA with nicks or broken ends. XRCC4 binds to DNA Ligase IV and enhances its joining activity, and it is also involved in V(D)J recombination. Any defect in one of the known components of the DNA repair/V(D)J re
Biotium Desmoglein-3 (Squamous Cell Marker)(DSG3/2837), 1mg/mL
Recognizes a protein of 130 kDa, identified as Desmoglein-3 (DSG3). This MAb is highly specific to Desmoglein-3 and does not cross-react with other members of the Desmoglein-family. DSG3 is a calcium-binding transmembrane glycoprotein component of desmosomes in vertebrate epithelial cells. Research has shown that DSG3 has a very high sensitivity (80%) and specificity (100%) in recognizing squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC). Therefore, DSG3 is considered a very important marker for lung SqCC and can be a useful ancillary marker to separate SqCC from other subtypes of lung cancer. Moreover, studies have shown that DSG3 expression in lung SqCC may indicate a poor prognosis. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have low
Biotium Ki-67 (Proliferating Cell Marker)(MKI67/2466), CF568 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
Ki-67 antigen is a nuclear, non-histone protein that is present in all stages of the cell cycle except G0. This characteristic makes Ki-67 an excellent marker for proliferating cells and is commonly used as one of the prognostic factors in cancer studies. A correlation has been demonstrated between Ki-67 index and the histo-pathological grade of neoplasms. Assessment of Ki-67 expression in renal and ureter tumors shows a correlation between tumor proliferation and disease progression, thus making it possible to differentiate high-risk patients. Ki-67 expression may also prove to be important for distinguishing between malignant and benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Ki-67 labeling index has been shown to be a prognostic marker in a number of neoplasms including grade II astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, colon carcinoma, and breast carcinoma. In general, Ki-67 is a good marker of proliferating cell populations.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of
Biotium SOX2 (Embryonic Stem Cell Marker)(SOX2/3169R), CF488A conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
SOX2 is required for stem cell maintenance in the central nervous system, and it also regulates gene expression in the stomach. SOX2 is necessary for regulating multiple transcription factors that affect Oct 3/4 expression. An essential function of SOX2 is to stabilize embryonic stem cells in a pluripotent state by maintaining the requisite level of Oct 3/4 expression. Reportedly, SOX2 is associated with aggressive phenotypes of breast, head and neck, gastric, colorectal, bladder, and small cell lung cancers. However, SOX2 is expressed in a high percentage of lung squamous cell carcinomas and has been shown to be an independent favorable prognostic marker. Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for detecting low abundance targets, because blue dyes have lower fluoresc
Biotium CD45RB(BRA-11G), CF740 conjugate, 0.1mg/mL
CD45R, also designated CD45 and PTPRC, has been identified as a transmembrane glycoprotein, broadly expressed among hematopoietic cells. Multiple isoforms of CD45R are distributed throughout the immune system according to cell type. These isoforms arise because of alternative splicing of exons 4, 5, and 6. The corresponding protein domains are characterized by the binding of monoclonal antibodies specific for CD45RA (exon 4), CD45RB (exon 5), CD45RC (exon 6) and CD45RO (exons 4 to 6 spliced out). The variation in these isoforms is localized to the extracellular domain of CD45R, while the intracellular domain is conserved. CD45RB is expressed on mature B-lymphocytes and the majority of lymphomas and leukemias of B-cell origin.Primary antibodies are available purified, or with a selection of fluorescent CF Dyes and other labels. CF Dyes offer exceptional brightness and photostability. Note: Conjugates of blue fluorescent dyes like CF405S and CF405M are not recommended for